前面给大家项目的介绍了Docker的基础内容Docker基础篇接下来给大家系统的介绍下Docker高级篇的内容：网络核心、Docker实战、DockerCompose、Harbor以及Swarm。欢迎关注收藏哦
Docker网络介绍
Docker是基于LinuxKernel的namespace，CGroups,UnionFileSystem等技术封装成的一种自定义容器格式，从而提供了一套虚拟运行环境。
namespace:用来做隔离的，比如pid、net、mnt
CGroups：ControllerGroups用来做资源限制，比如内存和CPU等
UnionFileSystems：用来做Image和Container分层
1.计算机网络模型
Docker网络官网：https://docs.docker.com/network/。
OSI：开放系统互联参考模型(OpenSystemInterconnect)
TCP/IP:传输控制协议/网际协议(TransmissionControl/InternetProtocol),是指能够在多个不同网络间实现信息传输的协议簇。TCP/IP协议不仅仅指的是TCP和IP两个协议，而是指一个由FTP、SMTP、TCP、UDP、IP等协议构成的协议簇，只是因为在TCP/IP协议中TCP协议和IP协议最具代表性，所以被称为TCP/IP协议。
分层思想：分层的基本想法是每一层都在它的下层提供的服务基础上提供更高级的增值服务，而最高层提供能运行分布式应用程序的服务
在这里插入图片描述客户端发送请求：在这里插入图片描述
服务端接受请求：
在这里插入图片描述
2Liunx中网卡
2.1查看网卡信息
查看网卡的命令:ipa
$ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128scopehostvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever2:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether52:54:00:4d:77:d3brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet10.0.2.15/24brd10.0.2.255scopeglobalnoprefixroutedynamiceth0valid_lft85987secpreferred_lft85987secinet6fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever3:eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether08:00:27:6e:31:45brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet192.168.56.10/24brd192.168.56.255scopeglobalnoprefixrouteeth1valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::a00:27ff:fe6e:3145/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever4:docker0:<NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNgroupdefaultlink/ether02:42:bf:79:9f:debrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet172.17.0.1/16brd172.17.255.255scopeglobaldocker0valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
日本电信运营商NTT Docomo与Astar Network达成合作，启动社会问题解决项目:10月31日消息，日本电信运营商NTT Docomo与波卡平行链Astar Network签署了一项基本合作协议，将启动一个社会问题解决项目，利用Web3技术解决现代社会面临的各种问题，包括区域振兴和环境问题。[2022/10/31 12:00:25]
通过ipa可以看到当前的centos中有的4个网卡信息作用分别是
名称作用lo本地网卡eth0连接网络的网卡eth1和宿主机通信的网卡docker0docker的网卡
iplinksbqfahow:
$iplinksbqfahow1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNmodeDEFAULTgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:002:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPmodeDEFAULTgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether52:54:00:4d:77:d3brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff3:eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPmodeDEFAULTgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether08:00:27:6e:31:45brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff4:docker0:<NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNmodeDEFAULTgroupdefaultlink/ether02:42:bf:79:9f:debrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
以文件的形式查看网卡：ls/sys/class/net
$ls/sys/class/netdocker0eth0eth1lo
2.2配置文件
在Linux中网卡对应的其实就是文件，所以找到对应的网卡文件即可，存放的路径
$cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/$lsifcfg-eth0ifdown-ethifdown-pppifdown-tunnelifup-ipppifup-postifup-TeamPortnetwork-functions-ipv6ifcfg-eth1ifdown-ipppifdown-routesifupifup-ipv6ifup-pppifup-tunnelifcfg-loifdown-ipv6ifdown-sitifup-aliasesifup-isdnifup-routesifup-wirelessifdownifdown-isdnifdown-Teamifup-bnepifup-plipifup-sitinit.ipv6-globalifdown-bnepifdown-postifdown-TeamPortifup-ethifup-plusbifup-Teamnetwork-functions
2.3网卡操作
网卡中增加ip地址
Billions项目组ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128scopehostvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever2:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether52:54:00:4d:77:d3brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet10.0.2.15/24brd10.0.2.255scopeglobalnoprefixroutedynamiceth0valid_lft84918secpreferred_lft84918secinet192.168.100.120/24scopeglobaleth0Billions项目组Billions项目组增加了一个IP地址valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever3:eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether08:00:27:6e:31:45brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet192.168.56.10/24brd192.168.56.255scopeglobalnoprefixrouteeth1valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::a00:27ff:fe6e:3145/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever4:docker0:<NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNgroupdefaultlink/ether02:42:bf:79:9f:debrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet172.17.0.1/16brd172.17.255.255scopeglobaldocker0valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
Web3娱乐科技公司Kaleidoco完成700万美元种子轮融资:6月15日消息，Web3娱乐科技公司Kaleidoco宣布完成700万美元种子轮融资，Animoca Brands、GameFi Ventures、Gemini、Jane Street、Adit Ventures、Merit Circle、Nexo、HexTrust、SuperChain Capital 和 TSG（The Seelig Group）等参投。Kaleidoco 公司创造原创增强现实 (AR) 体验的 Web3 娱乐服务，最近在 TED2022 开幕式上推出 2.5 维混合显示元宇宙 Particle Ink，该公司增强现实多视图技术正在申请专利，他们还计划在年底前推出首个 AR NFT 集合。（雅虎财经）[2022/6/15 4:29:27]
删除IP地址:ipaddrdelete192.168.100.120/24deveth0
Billions项目组ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128scopehostvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever2:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether52:54:00:4d:77:d3brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet10.0.2.15/24brd10.0.2.255scopeglobalnoprefixroutedynamiceth0valid_lft84847secpreferred_lft84847secinet6fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever3:eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether08:00:27:6e:31:45brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet192.168.56.10/24brd192.168.56.255scopeglobalnoprefixrouteeth1valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::a00:27ff:fe6e:3145/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever4:docker0:<NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNgroupdefaultlik/ether02:42:bf:79:9f:debrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet172.17.0.1/16brd172.17.255.255scopeglobaldocker0valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
2.4网卡信息解析
状态：UP/DOWN/UNKOWN等
link/ether：MAC地址
inet：绑定的IP地址
3NetworkNamespace
NetworkNamespace是实现网络虚拟化的重要功能，它能创建多个隔离的网络空间，它们有独自的网络栈信息。不管是虚拟机还是容器，运行的时候仿佛自己就在独立的网络中。
3.1NetworkNamespce实战
添加一个namespace
Document Security Systems子公司与全球最大零售商之一签订合同:跨国公司Document Security Systems宣布，其旗下子公司Premier Packaging Corp.与全球最大零售商之一签订为期三年的合同，为印刷品、海报、帆布装饰、相册、护照照片和商业印刷品提供照片邮寄信封和折叠纸盒。合同价值约为每年600万美元，第四年可续签。该合同的生产将于2020年第三季度开始。成品将运送到客户的9000多个地点。该零售商预计在未来12个月内再开550家店铺，这将有可能增加合同的价值。
据悉，Document Security Systems经营品牌保护技术、区块链安全、直销、医疗保健、房地产和证券化数字资产。（Globe Newswire）[2020/7/13]
ipnetnsaddns1
查看当前具有的namespace
ipnetnslistBillions项目组ipnetnslistns1
删除namespace
ipnetnsdeletens1Billions项目组ipnetnslistns1Billions项目组ipnetnslistBillions项目组ipnetnsexecns1ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK>mtu65536qdiscnoopstateDOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00在这里插入图片描述启动网络状态
ipnetnsexecns1ifuploBillions项目组ipnetnsexecns1ifuploBillions项目组
关掉网络状态
Billions项目组ipnetnsexecns1ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00
还可以通过link来设置状态
Billions项目组ipnetnsexecns1ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128scopehostvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverBillions项目组ipnetnsexecns1ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverBillions项目组ipnetnsaddns2Billions项目组ipnetnsexecns1iplink1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNmodeDEFAULTgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:006:veth-ns1@if5:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST>mtu1500qdiscnoopstateDOWNmodeDEFAULTgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether7e:bb:ee:13:a2:9abrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:fflink-netnsid1Billions项目组ipnetnsexecns1iplinksbqfaetveth-ns1upBillions项目组ipa1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNgroupdefaultqlen1000link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128scopehostvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever2:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether52:54:00:4d:77:d3brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet10.0.2.15/24brd10.0.2.255scopeglobalnoprefixroutedynamiceth0valid_lft66199secpreferred_lft66199secinet6fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever3:eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPgroupdefaultqlen1000link/ether08:00:27:6e:31:45brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet192.168.56.10/24brd192.168.56.255scopeglobalnoprefixrouteeth1valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::a00:27ff:fe6e:3145/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever4:docker0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateUPgroupdefaultlink/ether02:42:52:d4:0a:9fbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet172.17.0.1/16brd172.17.255.255scopeglobaldocker0valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::42:52ff:fed4:a9f/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever24:veth78a90d0@if23:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuemasterdocker0stateUPgroupdefaultlink/ether7e:6b:8c:bf:7e:30brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:fflink-netnsid2inet6fe80::7c6b:8cff:febf:7e30/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever26:vetha2bfbf4@if25:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuemasterdocker0stateUPgroupdefaultlink/etherce:2f:ed:e5:61:32brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:fflink-netnsid3inet6fe80::cc2f:edff:fee5:6132/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
分析 | 研究：挖Monero币的加密蠕虫Graboid目前已感染2000多台不安全的Docker引擎:研究人员称，Graboid加密蠕虫旨在挖Monero币，到目前为止，已经感染了2000多台不安全的Docker引擎（社区版）主机，这些主机正在清理中。最初的恶意Docker镜像已被下载了10,000次以上，蠕虫自身已被下载了6500多次。管理员可以通过镜像创建历史记录，查找名为“ gakeaws / nginx”的镜像来发现感染。
攻击者通过不安全的Docker daemons获得了最初的立足点，该daemons首先安装了Docker镜像以在受感染的主机上运行。另外，攻击者无需任何身份验证或授权，即可完全控制Docker 引擎和主机。攻击者利用此入口点来部署和传播挖矿木马。（freebuf）[2019/10/23]
然后查看tomcat01中的网络：dockerexec-ittomcat01ipa可以发现
Billions项目组ping172.17.0.2PING172.17.0.2(172.17.0.2)56(84)bytesofdata.64bytesfrom172.17.0.2:icmp_seq=1ttl=64time=0.038ms64bytesfrom172.17.0.2:icmp_seq=2ttl=64time=0.038ms^C---172.17.0.2pingstatistics---2packetstransmitted,2received,0%packetloss,time999msrttmin/avg/max/mdev=0.038/0.038/0.038/0.000ms
既然可以ping通，而且centos和tomcat01又属于两个不同的NetWorkNameSpace，他们是怎么连接的？看图
在这里插入图片描述其实在tomcat01中有一个eth0和centos的docker0中有一个veth是成对的，类似于之前实战中的veth-ns1和veth-ns2,要确认也很简单
yuminstallbridge-utilsbrctlshow
执行
Billions项目组dockernetworklsNETWORKIDNAMEDRIVERSCOPE92242fc0f805bridgebridgelocal96b999d7fcc2hosthostlocal17b86f9caa33nonenulllocal
不妨检查一下bridge：dockernetworkinspectbridge
"Containers":{"4b3500fed6b99c00b3ed1ae46bd6bc33040c77efdab343175363f32fbcf42e63":{"Name":"tomcat01","EndpointID":"40fc0925fcb59c9bb002779580107ab9601640188bf157fa57b1c2de9478053a","MacAddress":"02:42:ac:11:00:02","IPv4Address":"172.17.0.2/16","IPv6Address":""},"92d2ff3e9be523099ac4b45058c5bf4652a77a27b7053a9115ea565ab43f9ab0":{"Name":"tomcat02","EndpointID":"1d6c3bd73e3727dd368edf3cc74d2f01b5c458223f844d6188486cb26ea255bc","MacAddress":"02:42:ac:11:00:03","IPv4Address":"172.17.0.3/16","IPv6Address":""}}
在tomcat01容器中是可以访问互联网的，顺便把这张图画一下咯，NAT是通过iptables实现的
在这里插入图片描述
4.2自定义NetWork
创建一个network，类型为Bridge
dockernetworkcreatetomcat-net或者dockernetworkcreatetomcat-net--subnet=172.18.0.0/24tomcat-net
动态 | 区块链平台Doc.com在美国为佛罗里达州提供免费医疗服务:据Blocktribune消息，区块链平台Doc.com首次在美国推出。该平台通过每周7天，每天24小时的实时视频通话提供免费的基本医疗保健。Doc.com的愿景是通过创建一个由区块链和人工智能（AI）技术驱动的单一、分散的医学知识数据库，为全人类普及和改进医学。[2018/11/4]
查看已有的NetWork:dockernetworkls
Billions项目组dockernetworklsNETWORKIDNAMEDRIVERSCOPEb5c9cfbc0410bridgebridgelocal96b999d7fcc2hosthostlocal17b86f9caa33nonenulllocal43915cba1f92tomcat-netbridgelocal
查看tomcat-net详情信息：dockernetworkinspecttomcat-net
Billions项目组dockerrun-d--namecustom-net-tomcat--networktomcat-nettomcat-ip:1.0264b3901f8f12fd7f4cc69810be6a24de48f82402b1e5b0df364bd1ee72d8f0e
查看custom-net-tomcat的网络信息:截取了关键信息
12:br-43915cba1f92:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuestateUPgroupdefaultlink/ether02:42:71:a6:67:c7brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet172.18.0.1/16brd172.18.255.255scopeglobalbr-43915cba1f92valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::42:71ff:fea6:67c7/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever14:veth282a555@if13:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscnoqueuemasterbr-43915cba1f92stateUPgroupdefaultlink/ether3a:3d:83:15:3f:edbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:fflink-netnsid3inet6fe80::383d:83ff:fe15:3fed/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
查看网卡接口信息
Billions项目组dockerexec-itcustom-net-tomcatping172.17.0.2PING172.17.0.2(172.17.0.2)56(84)bytesofdata.^C---172.17.0.2pingstatistics---3packetstransmitted,0received,100%packetloss,time2000ms
此时如果tomcat01容器能够连接上tomcat-net上应该就可以了
dockernetworkconnecttomcat-nettomcat01Billions项目组dockerexec-itcustom-net-tomcatpingtomcat01PINGtomcat01(172.18.0.3)56(84)bytesofdata.64bytesfromtomcat01.tomcat-net(172.18.0.3):icmp_seq=1ttl=64time=0.031ms
5深入分析Container网络-Host&None
5.1Host
Host模式下,容器将共享主机的网络堆栈,并且主机的所有接口都可供容器使用.容器的主机名将与主机系统上的主机名匹配
创建一个容器，并指定网络为host
dockerrun-d--namemy-tomcat-host--networkhosttomcat-ip:1.0
查看ip地址
dockerexec-itmy-tomcat-hostipa
检查host网络
dockernetworkinspecthost"Containers":{"f495a6892d422e61daab01e3fcfa4abb515753e5f9390af44c93cae376ca7464":{"Name":"my-tomcat-host","EndpointID":"77012b1ac5d15bde3105d2eb2fe0e58a5ef78fb44a88dc8b655d373d36cde5da","MacAddress":"","IPv4Address":"","IPv6Address":""}}
5.2None
None模式不会为容器配置任何IP,也不能访问外部网络以及其他容器.它具有环回地址,可用于运行批处理作业.
创建一个tomcat容器，并指定网络为none
dockerrun-d--namemy-tomcat-none--networknonetomcat-ip:1.0
查看ip地址
dockerexec-itmy-tomcat-none
检查none网络
dockernetworkinspectnone"Containers":{"c957b61dae93fbb9275acf73c370e5df1aaf44a986579ee43ab751f790220807":{"Name":"my-tomcat-none","EndpointID":"16bf30fb7328ceb433b55574dc071bf346efa58e2eb92b6f40d7a902ddc94293","MacAddress":"","IPv4Address":"","IPv6Address":""}}
6端口映射
创建一个tomcat容器，名称为port-tomcat
dockerrun-d--nameport-tomcattomcat-ip:1.0
思考如何访问tomcat的服务
dockerexec-itport-tomcatbashcurllocalhost:8080
如果要载centos7上访问呢
dockerexec-itport-tomcatipacurl172.17.0.4:8080
如果我们需要在centos中通过localhost来访问呢?这时我们就需要将port-tomcat中的8080端口映射到centos上了
dockerrm-fport-tomcatdockerrun-d--nameport-tomcat-p8090:8080tomcat-ip:1.0curllocalhost:8090
centos7是运行在win10上的虚拟机，如果想要在win10上通过ip:port方式访问呢？
Billions项目组这种方式等同于桥接网络。也可以给该网络指定使用物理机哪一块网卡，比如#config.vm.network"public_network",:bridge=>'en1:Wi-Fi(AirPort)'config.vm.network"public_network"centos7:ipa--->192.168.8.118win10:浏览器访问192.168.8.118:9080在这里插入图片描述
7多机之间通信
具体深入介绍会在DockerSwarm中详聊，本节简单介绍。
在同一台centos7机器上，发现无论怎么折腾，我们一定有办法让两个containerbqfa通信。那如果是在两台centos7机器上呢？画个图
在这里插入图片描述VXLAN技术实现：VirtualExtensibleLAN(虚拟可扩展局域网)。在这里插入图片描述
ps:掌握了Docker的网络，其实也就掌握整个技术的核心了，如果文章有帮助欢迎关注点赞收藏哦
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