正文共6645字,预计阅读时间17分钟。
“中国越来越重视‘一带一路’建设的长期效果,我们对此非常欢迎。”4月25日,国际货币基金组织总裁拉加德在第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛资金融通分论坛上表示。此次论坛主题为促进可持续发展,构建开放、市场导向的投融资体系,推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展。
▲拉加德在中国社交媒体上发表动态,并同一带一路官网友好互动。
拉加德引用中国谚语称,“一年之计在于春”,她表示,正如本届论坛即将公布的一系列文件所规划的,“一带一路”倡议正在向更加绿色、更加可持续和更加包容的方向发展,特别是中国财政部即将在今天晚些时候发布的《“一带一路”债务可持续性分析框架》,这一文件放眼未来,为参与“一带一路”倡议的各方伙伴长远发展进行规划。
国际货币基金组织看重投融资从金融层面推动更多“一带一路”倡议更加绿色地发展,从而使“一带一路”倡议在财政、金融、投资和环保方面兼并发展,成为惠及世界和惠及未来的倡议。
拉加德认为,资本自由的跨国流通流动可以进一步支持包容性增长,可以加大基础设施、制造业、医疗、健康等部门的投资。
“现在的资本流通,尤其是外商直接投资偏低。金融危机之前,流向低收入国家的资金比例是2.5%,而现在只有1.9%。更加开放的资本流动,可以提升金融效率、降低金融成本,从而拉动新的投资,支持新的就业。”拉加德说。
拉加德表示,中国就是一个加强资金融通而受益的最好例子。“中国进一步向外国投资人开放债市,将带来更丰富的多元化,促进人民币国际化。中国债市的开放将为中国境内及境外投资者带来机遇和收益。将中国债市纳入全球性指数,将带来巨大的、颠覆性的改变。不仅对中国的金融市场,也会对全球的投资人带来极大的益处。”她说。
Bored Ape Yacht Club系列NFT24小时销售额下降42.73%:金色财经报道,据NFTGo.io数据显示,Bored Ape Yacht Club系列NFT24小时销售额为2566.68ETH,交易量跌幅达42.73%。截至目前,该系列NFT地板价跌至52.4ETH,24小时交易数量49笔,跌幅达46.15%。[2023/4/24 14:22:31]
拉加德认为,开放资本市场也会带来的一些挑战,还需要健全的管理、透明的投资规则以及可持续性的财政。“中国表示会确保‘一带一路’项目投资是绿色的、低碳的、符合气候要求的,这会让投资在金融和环境上都变得非常可持续,也有利于子孙后代。”
在谈及金融普惠的话题时,拉加德介绍:“目前,在中等收入的亚太国家,近一半成年人都没有银行账户,只有不到10%的人从金融机构借过钱。我们都知道,消弭金融鸿沟是国家繁荣发展必不可少的关键。国际基金组织的研究分析表明,在金融最不包容、最不普惠的亚洲国家,通过金融普惠,贫困率降低了近4%,其方法就是允许女性和农村人口获得金融服务。”
她认为,过去,金融普惠的问题很难解决,但金融科技可以发挥催化剂的作用。“比如在柬埔寨,通过强大的公私合营的项目支持移动金融的发展,使得2011年以来小额贷款机构的数量增加了两倍,给超过200万名新增借款人提供了贷款,占到了成年人口的20%。我们相信这种做法不仅在柬埔寨能够成功,在各个国家都能成功,可以互相学习。”
演讲全文
BeltandRoadInitiative:TwoKeyChannelstoAchievingFinancialConnectivity
ByChristineLagarde,IMFManagingDirector
GovernorYi,MinisterLiu,DistinguishedGuests,LadiesandGentlemen—goodmorning!ZaoShangHao!
IwouldliketothankthePeople’sBankofChinaandtheChineseMinistryofFinancefororganizingthisimportantevent.
DecentralandLAND系列NFT近24小时交易额增长率为247.59%:金色财经报道,据NFTGo最新数据显示,DecentralandLAND系列NFT过去24小时的交易额为32,890.68美元,增长率为247.59%。截至发稿时,NFTGo数据显示地板价为0.57ETH,24小时涨幅为46.15%。[2022/8/25 12:48:05]
AswemeetduringthisbeautifulspringtimeweatheritbringstomindthewordsoftheChineseproverb,“Thewholeyearmustbeplannedforinthespring.”
OverthenextthreedayswewillconsiderthewaystheBeltandRoadInitiative—theBRI—canhelpbetterconnecttheworldphysicallyandfinanciallyforyearstocome.Itisfittingthatwebegintheseconversationswithfinancialconnectivity.Why?Becausehistoryteachesusthatphysicalandfinancialconnectivitygohand-in-hand.
ThinkoftheoriginalSilkRoad.Thedesirefortradedrovemerchantstotravelthousandsofkilometers.Overtime,infrastructureintheformofbridges,buildings,andevenentirenewcitieswerebuilttoaccommodatewhatbeganassmalltradingpostsandfinancialexchanges.
Sowherethereisfinancialconnection,weseethatrapidimprovementsinqualityoflifecanquicklyfollow.
The Association NFT系列当前交易额为1600ETH:金色财经报道,据最新数据显示,The Association NFT系列地板价为0.3ETH,交易额为1600ETH。此前报道,NBA推出季后赛“动态”NFT The Association。[2022/4/21 14:38:13]
Inourmoderncontext,thereareseveralimportantchannelstoachievingthisgreaterfinancialconnectivity.Iwanttohighlighttwotoday:increasedcapitalmobilityandincreasedfinancialinclusion.
1.IncreasedCapitalMobility
First,enablingcapitaltoflowmorefreely.
Allowingcapitaltoflowacrossborderscanhelpsupportinclusivegrowth.How?Byenhancinginvestmentsininfrastructure,manufacturing,andevenhealthcare.
Rightnow,foreigndirectinvestment—FDI—isonly1.9percentofGDPindevelopingcountries.Beforetheglobalfinancialcrisis,itwasat2.5percent.Makingprogressonmajorinfrastructureneedswillrequirecapitalflowstoriseagainandtobemanagedsafely.
Greateropennesstocapitalflowscanalsobringdownthecostoffinance,improvetheefficiencyofthefinancialsector,andallowcapitaltosupportproductiveinvestmentsandnewjobs.
花花公子将推出关于“性别和性的艺术”NFT系列:金色财经报道,花花公子周三表示,将推出一个NFT系列,以庆祝该品牌在言论自由、性别、性和愉悦方面的编辑价值观。该系列第一部作品“性别与性的艺术”今天开放接受申请,并于10月1日结束。在11月,被选中的艺术家的作品将在NFT.NYC会议上展出。[2021/9/2 22:53:32]
ThatiscertainlythecasehereinChina,whereafurtheropeningofthebondmarkettoforeigninvestorswillenablediversificationandfostertheinternationalizationoftheRenminbi(RMB).
Infact,theIMFrecentlypublishedabookonthistopic,called“TheFutureofChina’sBondMarket”.ItoutlineshowtheinclusionofChina’sbondsinglobalindexescanbeagamechangernotonlyforChina’sownfinancialmarketsbutalsoforglobalinvestors.
Thebookalsounderscoresthechallengesthatcomewithopeningupcapitalmarkets.Thankfully,weknowfromexperiencetheelementsthatarerequiredforsuccess.Theseincludesoundfinancialregulation,transparentrulesforinvestment,andattentiontofiscalsustainability.
Onthislastpoint,China’sincreasedfocusonthelong-termsuccessofBRIprojects,andtheannouncementtodaybyFinanceMinisterLiuofaBRIdebtsustainabilityframework,areverywelcomestepsintherightdirection.
蚂蚁矿机宣布5月10日起停止对S9系列机型提供维修服务:蚂蚁矿机今日发布官方公告称于今日起(2020.5.10)停止对S9系列机型提供维修服务。据官方介绍全球有超四万名矿工使用蚂蚁矿机,S9矿机使用率覆盖全球70%以上的地区。[2020/5/10]
SotooistheworkthatisnowbeginningtoensurethatinvestmentinBRIprojectsisgreen,low-carbonandclimateresilient.Thiswillleadtoincreasedenvironmentalsustainability.
2.IncreasedFinancialInclusion
Wealsoneedincreasedfinancialinclusion—mysecondchannelforamoreeffectiveBRI.
Afewnumbers:closetohalfoftheadultpopulationinlowandmiddle-incomeAsia-Pacificeconomiesdonothaveabankaccount.Lessthan10percenthaveeverborrowedfromafinancialinstitution.
Andyet,weknowthatclosingthefinancegapisan“economicmust-have”fornationstothriveinthe21stcentury.IMFanalysisshowsthatiftheleastfinanciallyinclusivecountriesinAsianarrowedthefinancegaptothelevelofThailand—anemergingmarketeconomy—thepovertyrateinthosecountriescouldbereducedbynearly4percent.
Howcanwegetthere?Inpart,throughpoliciesthatenablemorewomenandruralcitizenstoaccessfinancialservices.Thefinancialgendergapforwomenindevelopingcountriesisabout9percentandhasremainedlargelyunchangedsince2011.
Thereisnosilverbullet,butweknowthatfintechcanplayacatalyzingrole.
InCambodia,forexample,strongpublic-privatepartnershipsinsupportingmobilefinancehasledtoatriplinginthenumberofmicro-financialinstitutionssince2011.Theseinstitutionshavenowprovidedloanstoover2millionnewborrowers,representingnearly20percentoftheadultpopulation.Manyofthesecitizenshadneverhadabankaccount.Nowtheycansaveforthefutureandperhapsevenstartabusinessoftheirown.
Theseareideasthatcanworkeverywhere.Butcountrieshavetobewillingtopartnerandlearnfromeachother.
ThatisoneofthemajorreasonswhylastOctober,theIMFandWorldBanklaunchedtheBaliFintechAgenda.Theagendalaysoutkeyprinciples—fromdevelopingfinancialmarketstosafeguardingfinancialintegrity—thatcanhelpeachnationasitstrivesforgreaterfinancialinclusion.
Itisamodelforinternationalcollaboration,muchlikethisforum.
Conclusion
Letmeconclude.
IbeganwithaChineseproverb.Inthespiritofglobalconnections,Iwillclosewithawesternpoet.TheEnglishpoetJohnDonne,whowroteabouttheSilkRoad,wasrightwhenhesaid,“Noman(orwoman!)isanisland,entireofitself;everymanisapieceofthecontinent,apartofthemain.”
Justlikeourhistory,ourmodernfinanciallandscaperevealstheenormouspotentialofbetterconnectionsbetweennationsandbetweenfinancialinstitutionsacrossborders.Thesefinancialconnectionscanleadtonewconstruction,newjobs,newopportunities,and,ultimately,theabilitytoachieveeconomicsecurity.
Ifwefindwaystoharnessthepotential,wecanbuildmoreprosperous,inclusiveeconomiesthatbenefitall.
Thankyouverymuch.Xièxiè.
InternationalMonetaryFund,2018,FinancialInclusioninAsia-Pacific,Asia-PacificDepartmentalPaperNo,18/17,Washington,D.C.
InternationalMonetaryFund,2018,FinancialInclusioninAsia-Pacific,Asia-PacificDepartmentalPaperNo,18/17,Washington,D.C.
WorldBank,The2017GlobalFindexDatabase,WashingtonD.C.
JohnDonne,DevotionsuponEmergentOccasions.Originallypublishedin1624.
来源/IMF官方网站、央视财经、经济网
责编/张广琳审校/刘梦监制/李雨思
投稿/纠错:news@yidaiyilu.gov.cn
加入我们:hr@yidaiyilu.gov.cn
郑重声明: 本文版权归原作者所有, 转载文章仅为传播更多信息之目的, 如作者信息标记有误, 请第一时间联系我们修改或删除, 多谢。